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24Open InnovationNational Cyber Training CenterAt the National Cyber Training Center, we are working on training security operators and security innovators for posi-tions in cybersecurity and ICT, and we are also conducting research and development in these fields (Fig.1).In the training of security operators, we are targeting our eorts at information system managers and other cyber-security professionals by implementing two types of exercise — CYDER (Cyber Defense Exercise with Recurrence) and Cyber Colosseo — as practical cyber defense exercises using real systems for the purpose of equipping people with incident response skills so they can respond promptly to emergencies where ailiated organizations are subjected to severe cyberattacks.Security operator training(a) Overview of CYDER (Fig.2)In order to address an urgent need for the training of security experts, the Nation-al Cyber Training Center conducts cyber-security human resource development projects based on the Act on the National Institute of Information and Communica-tions Technology (Article 14 part 1 clause 7) by utilizing our technical knowledge of cybersecurity research, together with the NICT’s large-scale network environment (StarBED), which can simulate massive practical network environments. As part of our human resource development proj-ects, CYDER provides short-term practical training courses based on the latest cyber-security threats. This sort of practical cy-bersecurity training is now being imple-mented and deployed nationwide.Trainees in the courses conducted throughout Japan play the role of IT system administrators of large virtual organiza-tions by experiencing intensive programs covering the entire process of incident re-sponse from attack detection to counter-measures and reporting in a single day.(b) The achievements of CYDERIn FY2017, in order to secure more learn-ing opportunities while preparing exercise scenarios suited to the trainees, we set up a beginner-level course (A-course) in ad-dition to the conventional intermediate-level course (B-course) aimed at local public bodies, government agencies, and the like. As a result of implementing this training program on a larger scale than in previous years, we ran a total of 100 train-Fig.1 : National Cyber Training Center program overviewResearch and Development