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6Sensing fundamentalsApplied Electromagnetic Research Institute Specifically, we are conducting research and development using electromagnetic waves in four main areas: Remote sensing technology and Space environment mea-surement technology for the acquisition, collection, and visualization of diverse in-formation from diverse objects that sur-round us, Space-time standards technolo-gy that forms the basis for the generation, dissemination, and utilization of high-qual-ity time and frequency signals, and Elec-tromagnetic environment technology that provides a platform for ensuring the elec-tromagnetic compatibility of equipment and systems in order to maintain a safe and secure electromagnetic environment for future diversification in the usage of electromagnetic waves. Some of our re-search and development themes are intro-duced below.The world’s first practical multi-parameter phased array weath-er radar (MP-PAWR)As part of a Cross-ministerial Strategic Innovation Promotion Program (SIP) for the research and development of resilient technology to prevent and mitigate disas-ters and predict localized heavy rainfall (cloudbursts) and tornadoes, we have de-veloped a Multi-Parameter Phased Array Weather Radar (MP-PAWR) that combines a phased array weather radar capable of performing high-speed three-dimensional observations of clouds over time scales ranging from 30 seconds to one minute, and a multiparameter (dual phase) radar that can measure rainfall with high accu-racy and predict torrential rainfall up to 30 minutes in advance. The installation of this radar at Saitama University was complet-ed in November 2017, and in March 2018 we acquired a radio station license and began evaluating the radar performance.(Fig.1)R&D for the numerical predic-tion of solar flares that have a large impact on societyIn collaboration with the Advanced Speech Translation Research and Devel-opment Promotion Center, we have devel-In order to create new value for humans through the use of ICT, we must obtain information by observing various phenomena and situations in our environment. The mission of the Applied Electromagnetic Research Institute in NICT is to fulfill this requirement through the use of electromagnetic waves. We aim to realize more accurate electromagnetic-based measurements in order to protect the activity of society and deliver new scientific value by observing what has previously been impossible to see. Such eorts may result in novel applications of electromagnetic waves, particularly by collaborating with industry and academia.Fig.2 : Solar are press conferenceFig.1 : Multi-Parameter Phased Array Weather Radar installed at Saitama UniversityResearch and Development